South Sudan at 'precipice' amid growing violence

Civilians gathering outside the UNMISS compound in Juba US President Barack Obama warned that South Sudan stands at the "precipice" of civil war amid spiralling violence, with the UN launching a rescue mission after three Indian peacekeepers were killed. The United Nations Security Council readied emergency consultations on the rapidly fledgling nation Friday, amid growing fears the country was sliding towards all-out civil war.
The UN in South Sudan reported Friday 14 separate sites of fighting or civil unrest, many in the troubled eastern state of Jonglei, with 34,000 civilians sheltering in or around UN bases.
Obama, who announced he had deployed 45 troops to the violence-wracked country, called for an immediate end to the strife.
"Recent fighting threatens to plunge South Sudan back into the dark days of its past," he said.
Over two million people died in the brutal 1983-2005 civil war, which ended in a peace deal that paved the way for the South's independence two years ago.
Recalling the promise and hopes that accompanied South Sudan's independence in July 2011, Obama warned "that future is at risk."
"South Sudan stands at the precipice," the president said, promising that the United States would remain Juba's "steady partner."
India's UN envoy Asoke Mukerji said three Indian peacekeepers were "targeted and killed" during Thursday's attack by ethnic Nuer youths on a base at Akobo in Jonglei state.
Other casualties are feared as the fate of more than 30 ethnic Dinka civilians sheltering at the base is not known, said UN deputy spokesman Farhan Haq.
The UN mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) said Friday it had sent four helicopters to pull out some 40 UN peacekeepers out of Akobo, saying it has "had received assurances from forces in charge" of the remote town they would not be attacked.
The attack on the UN base came after troops loyal to fugitive former vice president Riek Machar seized the town of Bor late Wednesday, as heavy fighting continued in several sites across the vast swamplands and remote bush of Jonglei state.
President Salva Kiir has blamed the bloodshed on a coup bid by his perennial rival Machar, who calls that claim a fabrication to cover up a purge by the regime.
Kiir has said he is ready to "sit down," but Machar, who was sacked by the president in July, rejected the offer and called for the president's ouster.
About 450 people have been killed in the capital Juba since battles broke out on Sunday, including around 100 soldiers, the army spokesman said.
The battles have raised concerns of ethnic conflict, with Kiir coming from the majority Dinka people and Machar from the Nuer.
UN human rights chief Navi Pillay has also expressed deep concern over reports of "numerous extrajudicial killings" and "civilians killed in Juba based on their ethnicity."
Human Rights Watch said witnesses had reported horrific cases of both soldiers and rebels executing people based on their tribe, warning of "revenge attacks."
However, the government insists the clashes are over power and politics, noting that both sides include leaders from different tribes.
The UN peacekeeping mission said it was sheltering civilians in six state capitals, including Juba and Bor, as well as in Bentiu, the main town of the crucial petroleum-producing state of Unity.
At least five oil workers were killed in Unity when attackers broke into their compound late on Wednesday, a company official said.
Oil production accounts for more than 95 percent of South Sudan's fledgling economy.
Foreigners were being evacuated from the troubled country, with the United States and Britain sending in flights for their citizens, and others fleeing overland south to Uganda.
Long lines of aid workers and expatriates crowded Juba's airport waiting to board the first flight they could out of the country.
UN chief Ban Ki-moon has warned fighting could spread.
The crisis "urgently needs to be dealt with through political dialogue," he said.
There were fears that the poor and unstable nation, which broke away from Sudan in 2011, could slide into all-out conflict.
"The scenario many feared but dared not contemplate looks frighteningly possible: South Sudan, the world's newest state, is now arguably on the cusp of a civil war," said the International Crisis Group think tank.
Foreign ministers from five regional countries flew in Thursday to try to launch peace efforts, with Ethiopian Foreign Minister Tedros Adhanom leading the team from Djibouti, Kenya, Sudan and Uganda.
All are members of a regional body, the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development, whose members played key roles in pushing forward the 2005 deal that ended Sudan's two-decade long civil war with the south.
Ugandan government spokesman Ofwono Opondo said the team would meet later Friday with Kiir as well as several former powerful ministers arrested in connection with the violence.
Source: AFP