East Timor votes in test for young nation

Hundreds of Fretilin supporters gather at the the Fretilin party headquarters in Dili, on March 15, to be transported to their hometowns where they will vote for the upcoming presidential elections. A decade after independence East Timor is restive for change, voting on Saturday in the second presidential polls as a free country. Hundreds of Fretilin supporters gather at the the Fretilin party headquarters in Dili, on March 15, to be transported to their hometowns where they will vote for the upcoming presidential elections. A decade after independence East Timor is restive for change, voting on Saturday in the second presidential polls as a free country. Fact file on East Timor, set for presidential elections on Saturday Fact file on East Timor, set for presidential elections on Saturday A campaign billboard of incumbent East Timor president and presidential bet Jose Ramos-Horta is seen on the final day of campaigning in Dili, on March 14. East Timorese vote on Saturday to elect their president in one of the world's newest nations since the country was officially recognised as independent in 2002 after 24 years of brutal Indonesian occupation. A campaign billboard of incumbent East Timor president and presidential bet Jose Ramos-Horta is seen on the final day of campaigning in Dili, on March 14. East Timorese vote on Saturday to elect their president in one of the world's newest nations since the country was officially recognised as independent in 2002 after 24 years of brutal Indonesian occupation. A UN armored vehicle patrol Dili ahead of East Timor's presidential elections. Voting began on Saturday, seen as a crucial test for a young democracy taking charge of its own security from UN forces. A UN armored vehicle patrol Dili ahead of East Timor's presidential elections. Voting began on Saturday, seen as a crucial test for a young democracy taking charge of its own security from UN forces. AFP - Voting began in East Timor's presidential election, seen as a crucial test for a young democracy taking charge of its own security as UN forces prepare to leave. Polls opened shortly after 7:00am (2200 GMT Friday), with voters casting ballots in a contest that pits the incumbent Jose Ramos-Horta, a Nobel peace laureate, against 11 other hopefuls. At a school house in the village of Balibar, in the cool hills overlooking the capital Dili, poll workers in yellow T-shirts unsealed blue plastic boxes of ballots delivered under United Nations Police protection and waited for voters, including Prime Minister Xanana Gusmao. Voters, some carrying babies or toddlers and many barefoot, began trickling into the school about an hour later, in only the country's second presidential election as an independent nation. The vote is the first in a series of key events in the poor and chronically unstable country which is still traumatised by Indonesia's brutal 24-year occupation, which ended with a vote for independence in 1999. In May, East Timor will celebrate 10 years of independence, which came after three years of UN administration. Then, in June, voters will choose a new government in a general election. At the end of the year the nation of 1.1 million people bids goodbye to UN forces stationed in the country since 1999. Among East Timor's many problems is its heavy reliance on energy reserves, which account for around 90 percent of state revenues. East Timor is labelled by the International Monetary Fund as the "most oil-dependent economy in the world", relying on a petroleum fund that reached $9.3 billion last year. In an orderly fashion voters had their names checked against a list, then emerged from the village school house with coffee-coloured ink on their index fingers to indicate they had voted. "It is an obligation for every citizen to vote because this is a democracy and we have the right to choose our own leaders," said Sidonia Perreira, a government clerk who walked to the school with his wife and two small children. Poll workers led an old lady stooped over with age, and another handicapped woman barefoot and limping, by the hand as they arrived to vote. Beyond the temporary polling stations, people in the half-island nation went about their morning business, many walking barefoot for their daily shopping at ramshackle stands selling vegetables and fruit. Constitutionally, the presidency is largely a ceremonial role, but its profile has been boosted by Ramos-Horta, who shared the 1996 Nobel Peace Prize for his work towards a just and peaceful solution to the independence conflict. The popular 62-year-old, who survived a 2008 assassination attempt, is the second post-independence president after Gusmao -- a former anti-Indonesia rebel leader. Indonesia's occupation of East Timor is estimated to have claimed up to 183,000 lives through genocide, disease and starvation, according to the country's Commission for Reception, Truth and Reconciliation. The race for the presidency is expected to be a three-way contest between Ramos-Horta, the Fretilin party's Francisco "Lu Olo" Guterres and former armed forces chief Taur Matan Ruak, a guerrilla leader during the occupation. Ramos-Horta won in a second-round of voting against Guterres in 2007, buoyed by the support of Gusmao's National Congress for the Reconstruction of East Timor (CNRT) party. But this time the party is backing Ruak, amid signs that the president and prime minister no longer see eye-to-eye on many issues. Ramos-Horta has been increasingly critical of Gusmao's government. Last year the UN officially handed security responsibilities back to East Timor police, although around 1,200 UN forces remain in the country. UN forces are ready to step in if needed. Candidates must garner more than 50 percent of the vote for an outright win, otherwise a run-off will be held in two weeks. Formal results are not expected until early next week. International observers and representatives from Australia, the European Union and Portuguese-speaking nations are monitoring.