Vitamin E sources Shanghai - SPA Vitamin E, a fat-soluble vitamin, consumed in the diet or vitamin supplements, may lower the risk of liver cancer, U.S. and Chinese researchers suggest. Dr. Wei Zhang of the Shanghai Cancer Institute, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, and colleagues analyzed data from 132,837 individuals in China who enrolled in the Shanghai Women's Health Study from 1997 to 2000 or the Shanghai Men's Health Study from 2002 to 2006. The two population-based studies were jointly conducted by the Shanghai Cancer Institute and Vanderbilt University in Nashville. Participants were asked how often they ate some of the most commonly consumed foods in urban Shanghai and whether they took vitamin supplements, Zhang said. The analysis included 267 liver cancer patients -- 118 women and 149 men -- who were diagnosed between two years after study enrollment and an average of 10.9 years for the women or 5.5 years for the men. The study, published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute, found vitamin E intake from diet and supplement use were both associated with a reduced risk of liver cancer, according to a report of the United Press International (UPI). This association was consistent among participants with and without self-reported liver disease or a family history of liver cancer. "We found a clear, inverse dose-response relation between vitamin E intake and liver cancer risk," the researchers said.